Whether it’s a scraped paw from an adventurous walk or a cut sustained during playtime, minor injuries are common in pets. As a responsible pet owner, knowing how to administer basic first aid for wounds, cuts, and grazes can make all the difference in your pet’s recovery — and sometimes, their survival.

For small, superficial wounds like grazes or shallow cuts, you can often manage them at home. Start by gently restraining your pet — ideally with help — to prevent sudden movement.

First, check the wound for debris like glass, prickles, or dirt. If you see any, carefully remove it using tweezers; they can be sterilised with boiling water or alcohol. Next, rinse the wound with clean, lukewarm water or a saline solution. You can make your own saline by dissolving one teaspoon of salt in a 300 millilitre of cooled, boiled water.

After cleaning, pat the area dry with a clean towel. Apply a pet-safe antiseptic solution — never use products containing hydrogen peroxide or alcohol, as they can delay healing and cause further irritation. You may be able to dress the wound with a non-stick gauze pad and secure it with bandage tape. Change the dressing daily and monitor for signs of infection, such as swelling, redness, discharge, or a foul smell.

When to seek emergency help?

Not all wounds can be treated at home. Seek immediate veterinary attention if:

• The wound is deep or bleeding heavily. Bleeding that doesn’t stop within five minutes requires urgent care. You can apply pressure with a clean cloth or bandage, but do not delay in contacting your vet.
• There’s an object embedded in the wound.
• Your pet is in visible pain, limping, or refuses to eat.
• If your pet becomes lethargic, starts vomiting, or shows signs of shock (rapid breathing, pale gums, weakness), these are medical emergencies, and you should contact the vet.

Some wounds need veterinary attention, but does not need emergency treatment and can be booked in for an appointment

• Your pet was bitten by another animal.
• You see signs of infection, or the wound doesn’t begin to heal within a couple of days.
• The injury is near the eyes, joints, or genitals.

Preparation is key

Basic first aid can help manage minor issues and keep a situation from getting worse while you seek help. But do remember: first aid is not a substitute for veterinary care. If in doubt, always call your vet — it’s better to be safe than sorry.

You can contact Te Are Manu on 27719 during open hours, or 57206 afterhours.

• Dr Rose Hasegawa, medical director Te Are Manu Vet Clinic